Tone in the Saari Noun phrase exemplified with nouns from gender 7/8
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Issue Date:
2012
Publisher:
Sponsored By:
Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation
Extent:
72 pages
Description:
This paper focuses on tone description for the Saari language spoken by the Besaa people
between Nkambe and Misaje in the Donga Mantung division of the North West Region of
Cameroon. The language is spoken by approximately 7000 people in Akweto (including
Bakinchine, and Bansobi) and Kamine (including Mbissa, Bridge Five, and China). Apart from
Saari, the Besaa people also speak Cameroon Pidgin English and other neighboring languages.
Schooling in these communities is in English.
Publication Status:
Published
Table of Contents:
List of Tables....... iv, List of Abbreviations ....... iv, List of Diacritics...... iv, Acknowledgements...... vi,
1 Introduction.......1, 1.1 Previous research in the language.......1, 1.2 Method of research .......1,
1.3 Phonology.......3, 1.4 Tone........4, 1.4.1 The [M1] surface tone .......5, 1.4.2 Contour tones .........7,
1.4.3 The /MH/ melody surfaces as [HL] or [H] ..........7, 1.4.4 Prenasalized consonants .......8, 1.4.5 Tonal phenomena in Saari ......8, 2 Tone in nouns of gender 7/8........9, 2.1 Syllable structure of noun roots.......9,
2.2 Tone patterns and syllable structure in simple nouns in gender 7/8...... 10, 2.2.1 Tone on the prefix .....10,
2.2.2 Tone on the root .......14, 2.2.2.1 The /L-L/, /M-H/, /M-M/ and /M-HM/ melodies .......17, 2.2.2.2 The /M-HL/ melody..........17, 2.2.2.3 The /M-MH/ melody......18, 2.2.2.4 The /L-LH/ melody.......19, 2.2.2.5 The /L-LM/and /L-M/ melody ......19, 3 Tone in noun phrases........ 21, 3.1 The noun class system....... 21,
3.2 Noun and specifiers......... 22, 3.2.1 Determiners and demonstratives ........ 22, 3.2.1.1 Anaphoric specifier, ‘those mentioned earlier’ ....... 23, 3.2.1.2 Demonstrative ‘those (can be seen)’:.... 26, 3.2.1.3 Demonstrative ‘these’ and specifier or article ‘the’.......... 26, 3.2.1.4 Grounding rules for floating High tones ....... 29, 3.2.2 Possessives....... 30, 3.3 Noun and adjuncts ...... 33, 3.3.1 Adjectives .......34, 3.3.2 Quantifiers ...... 35, 3.3.2.1 Non specific quantifiers ..........36, 3.3.2.2 Numerals one to five.......37,
3.4 Associative constructions ....... 40, 3.4.1 The underlying melody of the clitic ......... 41,
3.4.2 The associative clitic, lengthening vowels in closed syllables.......42, 3.4.3 Tone spreading from Associative Marker........ 43, 3.4.4 Interaction between melody of noun with melody of clitic ........44,
3.4.4.1 Melodies ending in a Low tone: /L-L/, /M-HL/, and /M-ML/ .......... 44, 3.4.4.2 Melodies ending in a Mid tone: /M-M/, /L-M/, and /M-HM/ ........ 45, 3.4.4.3 Melodies ending in a High tone: /M-H/, /L-LH/, and /M-MH/....... 47,
4 Conclusion....... 50, 5 References ..........51, Appendix 1 Wordlist of nouns in gender 7/8......... 52,
Appendix 2 Melodies of nouns in gender 7/8 by syllable type....... 63.
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Entry Number:
53983